PM2.5 induced by wildfires linked to dementia

This is truly disturbing! A study revealed that long-term exposure to wildfire-induced PM 2.5—particles smaller than 2.5 micrometers—was associated with an 18% increase in dementia diagnoses. In contrast, similar exposure to PM 2.5 from non-wildfire sources was linked to only a 1% increase!

A groundbreaking study published in JAMA Neurology on November 25, 2024, has revealed a concerning link between long-term exposure to wildfire-generated fine particulate matter (PM 2.5) and an increased risk of dementia. The research, conducted by tracking over 1.2 million members of Kaiser Permanente Southern California aged 60 and older between January 2008 and December 2019, highlights the potential neurological impacts of wildfire pollution.

What is PM 2.5?

PM 2.5 refers to fine particulate matter that is 2.5 micrometers or smaller in diameter. These tiny particles are so small that they can penetrate deep into the respiratory system and even enter the bloodstream.

Sources:

PM 2.5 can come from various sources, including vehicle emissions, industrial processes, wildfires, and the burning of fossil fuels.

Health Impact:

Due to their small size, PM 2.5 particles can cause serious health problems, including respiratory and cardiovascular issues. Long-term exposure is associated with increased risks of heart disease and lung cancer and can aggravate existing respiratory conditions like asthma.

Regulation:

Many countries have regulations and guidelines to monitor and control PM 2.5 levels in the air to protect public health.

Elevated Risk of Dementia:

The study found that each microgram-per-cubic-meter increase in wildfire-borne PM 2.5 exposure was associated with an 18% increase in the odds of being diagnosed with dementia. This risk far exceeds the 1% increase linked to similar exposure levels of non-wildfire PM 2.5 from sources such as fossil fuel combustion.

Disproportionate Effects on Vulnerable Groups:

Certain populations were more severely affected by wildfire PM 2.5 exposure.

Stronger associations were observed in:

    * Individuals under the age of 75.

    * Racial and ethnic minority groups.

    * Residents of high-poverty areas.

Unique Toxicity of Wildfire PM 2.5:

Researchers suggest that wildfire PM 2.5 may be more neurotoxic than other sources due to its unique chemical composition due to higher combustion temperatures and its higher concentrations of pro-inflammatory compounds, which may have unique toxic effects on the brain, exacerbating brain inflammation and accelerating cognitive decline.

Source:

https://jamanetwork.com/.../jama.../article-abstract/2827124

Updated: 11/2024

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